The United States is opening to vaccinated international travelers on Monday. Here's what to expect - CNN

(CNN) — The United States is flinging its doors wide open to vaccinated international travelers on Monday, welcoming many visitors who've been shut out of the country for 20 months.

With new requirements going into effect for air, land and ferry arrivals, there's bound to be some congestion as the rules are rolled out.

"It's going to be a bit sloppy at first, I can assure you," Delta Air Lines CEO Ed Bastian said at a late October travel industry conference. "There will be lines, unfortunately," he said, citing "an onslaught of travel all at once."

Many Delta flights due to arrive on Monday are 100% full with high load factors in the following weeks, according to Delta spokesman Morgan Durrant. Delta has seen a 450% increase in international bookings in the six weeks since the US reopening was announced, he said.

John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York (pictured in January 2021) will welcome more international flights on Monday.

Spencer Platt/Getty Images

International flight arrivals will be up 11% on Monday over a similar day in October at Newark Liberty and John F. Kennedy international airports, with 253 flights scheduled to arrive, according to the Port Authority of NY & NJ.

The Port Authority expects a gradual increase at those airports over the next two months, with international traffic reaching about 75% of November and December 2019 levels, based on current international schedules which are likely to change.

A gradual recovery seems to be in the cards for international air travel. According to figures from aviation analytics company OAG, the number of filled seats arriving in the US from Europe this December is projected to be about 67% of the December 2019 level.

Airlines are still bringing back employees and aircraft sidelined because of the pandemic. Staffing issues, which could be exacerbated by employee vaccine mandates, have complicated operations for some carriers.

Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and the Transportation Security Administration have also been short staffed and face a looming deadline right before Thanksgiving for federally mandated employee vaccinations.

Increased wait times are expected by CBP at busy land border crossings from Canada and Mexico.

All this to say, preparation and patience will be key for international travelers heading into the US.

Here's what travelers can expect and prepare for:

When you get there

The United States is largely wide open, although there are some state and local restrictions that still apply.

For example, there are mask mandates in Hawaii, Illinois, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Washington, DC and Puerto Rico also require masks in indoor public spaces.

In some cities, including New York and San Francisco, there are vaccine requirements for indoor public spaces including restaurants.

Hawaii, which had some of the strictest entry requirements in the US, will now align with the new federal rules for international air travel. Although capacity restrictions in the state are easing, there are still some limits in place.

California (with Santa Monica pictured here), New York and Florida are leading destinations for incoming international travelers.

Daniel Slim/AFP via Getty Images

New York, Miami and Los Angeles may see some of the most significant influxes of international visitors. They are travel app Hopper's top destinations for foreign travelers this holiday season.

Those spots line up with client demand at Trailfinders in the United Kingdom, where the US is back to being the travel company's top destination. New York, California and Florida lead the way in bookings, according to Nikki Davies, public relations director at Trailfinders.

Before you go

Getting vaccinated is the key requirement for the vast majority of international travelers hoping to enter the United States.

Travelers must meet CDC criteria for being "fully vaccinated." Paper and digital documentation are acceptable. Airlines are responsible for gathering and verifying this information from air travelers.

Visitors to the new Summit One Vanderbilt observatory in New York ride up a glass elevator on October 21.

Timothy A. Clary/AFP via Getty Images

Anna Zwing, 28, who lives near Wiesbaden, Germany, hasn't seen her boyfriend in more than two years. She's flying to Chicago from Frankfurt on Monday and plans to check in at the airport in person on Sunday to make sure her ESTA application and all the new Covid documentation she has vigilantly gathered and double-checked is in order.

Zwing lucked out with the US reopening date. When the travel ban hadn't been lifted, she rebooked October flights for November 8 before the specific date was announced, hoping she'd finally be allowed to make the trip to the US.

"I couldn't believe it at first but both me and my boyfriend are over the moon!," she said when the date was finally announced in mid-October. "I can't wait to hop on the plane on Nov 8th!"

For air travel

Air travelers also need a negative Covid-19 test. Testing is required of all fully vaccinated air travelers ages 2 and up, regardless of nationality. Passengers are required to test negative for Covid-19 within three days of their flight's departure for the United States.

Unvaccinated Americans and a very limited number of unvaccinated international travelers exempted from the vaccination requirement must test within one day of departing for the US.

Many airlines have mobile apps and portals on their websites where vaccination and testing information can be processed digitally.

Most Delta customers on international routes bound for the US can directly upload and verify their proof of vaccination status using the Delta FlyReady tool.

A Delta Air Lines employee works on the departures level at Los Angeles International Airport in August. Delta will operate 139 flights from international destinations into the US on November 8.

Mario Tama/Getty Images

British Airways' VeriFly mobile digital health pass works on all BA's flights to the US, the airline confirmed.

Hard copies are a good idea, too.

"I would definitely make sure I have paper copies ... of my passport and vaccination card and major credit card, kept separate from my wallet/handbag. And have digital copies of the same on my phone and emailed to my email account in case my phone/handbag/backpack/etc. gets lost or stolen," said Kathleen Bangs, a former airline pilot who is a spokeswoman for flight tracking site FlightAware.

"Proof of who you are, your vaccination status, and front and back of a credit card can go a long way to turning the nightmare of losing your documents into a reasonable situation."

Miami (with Ocean Drive in Miami Beach pictured here) is among three top destinations for international travelers on Hopper.

Joe Raedle/Getty Images

At land borders

Customs and Border Protection anticipates an increase in travel volumes and wait times at land and ferry crossings and is encouraging travelers to have their identification and vaccination documents ready. The agency also encourages travelers to use its CBP One app.

Staffing levels will be at pre-Covid levels, according to CBP, but the agency will be balancing multiple priorities.

"Trade and travel facilitation remain a priority," a Department of Homeland Security Q&A about the new policy says. "However, we cannot compromise national security which is our primary mission."

Digital and paper documentation is acceptable for proof of vaccination, and vaccine cards do not need to be in English.

Travelers should be prepared to attest to their vaccination status and reason for travel. They should also be prepared to show proof of being fully vaccinated, if requested by a CBP officer.

Children under 18 traveling with vaccinated adults are exempt from the vaccination requirement.

Covid tests are not required at land and ferry crossings.

The web of rules and requirements to travel internationally right now is undeniably tangled.

"Just hopping on a plane and going someplace doesn't work anymore," says travel adviser Dave Hershberger of Prestige Travel in Cincinnati, Ohio. "You've got to do your homework."

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